What is the role of a condenser in a steam cycle?

The role of a condenser in a steam cycle is to convert steam back into water. This process is essential in maintaining the efficiency of the steam cycle. When steam from the turbine enters the condenser, it cools down as it comes into contact with the cooling medium, such as water or air. As the steam loses heat, it condenses into liquid water, which can then be returned to the boiler to be heated again.

This phase change from gas to liquid is vital because it helps maintain a vacuum in the system, improving the overall efficiency of the cycle by allowing the turbine to operate more effectively. Without the condenser, steam would not be transformed back into water, resulting in a failure to reclaim the water for the cycle, which could lead to reduced efficiency and increased operational problems in the power generation process. The condensation also removes non-condensable gases, further optimizing the steam cycle's performance.